Golf Cart Paths – Construction & Upgrades

If properly constructed, sealed and maintained, as we will describe, the durability should be indefinite.

That is fine, as long as there is adequate cambering of the surface allowing free flowing drainage. The stabilizer is water resistant however as with any pavement structure water should not pond on the surface.

We would need to conduct complete soil indicator testing such as Grading, classification, Atterberg Limits, UCS, ITS and Densities etc the same as when layer works of a road are designed and constructed.

This depends on the quality of the sub-grade material which is usually determined by geotechnical surveys and centerline investigation which will also tell us what soil indicators are present and whether or not mechanical modification with borrow material is required. In most cases we can achieve good strength on the sub-grade with a small percentage of cement and good compaction, provided that the sub-grade is not sitting on top of shifting clay soil layers, which will be difficult to deal with in any situation. Once that is done build the wearing course of 150mm.

The application rates will be determined from the final soil indicators as mentioned above followed by a testing matrix to determine the best mix design in terms of durability and tensile strength as well as economics.

We would look at the indicators and draw a lab testing matrix for your lab to conduct and base our final mix on the results. This is also standard practice for pavement design, and in terms of the laboratory a fairly simple and cost effective exercise.

Yes, absolutely, grading is the key, poorly graded material will require mechanical modification with borrow material and failing the availability of suitable material the chemical stabilization requirements increase.

Yes, as mentioned above we cannot just build a pavement on any material, it would be like placing glass on a mattress. If the sub-grade is well compacted, for instance with an impact roller a fairly good strength can be achieved.

That would depend on the indicator results and the final test results of the mix design. It is not unusual to achieve (UCS) strength of 2.7 MPA at 98% Mod AASHTO density and (ITS) of 270-310 KPA at 98% Mod AASHTO density.

Our recommended method of construction is to use a Reclaimer/Recylcer/Milling Machine to mix the stabilizer and soil together in a homogenous mixture creating the 150mm layer and then using a grader to create the final levels and shaping followed by compaction. Once this layer has been constructed properly and the stabilizer given the required curing time a surface seal using the stabilizer is applied over the layer as a final seal. Upon completion of this the grassing can be done and during the hydro seeding of the edges the clear edge would be naturally defined as the seed will not germinate and root on in situ soil that is compacted to 98% Mod AASHTO.

In the absence of a Reclaimer a tractor pulled rotovator and a box blade may be used followed by a water tanker for the mixing of the copolymer and soil and finished as above.

Standard road building specification which is 95% Mod AASHTO for the sub-grade and 98% Mod AASHTO for the wearing course.

The product is completely environmentally friendly, safe for animals, wildlife and vegetation and dries clear and transparent, leaving the environment in its natural state. MSDS and Aquatic Toxicity Reports are available upon request.

Since the wearing course in being constructed with the soil stabilizer on in situ material and sealed with the same, the natural coarse qualities of the native soil will create excellent skid resistance while minimizing rolling resistance. The same applies if the surface is wet, it will not be slippery.

We can provide a guarantee to the extent that the product will perform according to the laboratory test results and final mix design provided that the construction is done to specification.

We cannot provide a definitive cost estimate until we have reviewed the soil indicator tests and have some idea of the mix design as well review of the current design of the cart path inclusive of cross sections, cut to fill layers etc. which will enable us to provide a more accurate survey of quantities.

The stabilizer will not degrade or lose strength once cured it becomes a solid mass.

This depends on the quality of the sub-grade material which is usually determined by geotechnical surveys and centerline investigation which will also tell us what soil indicators are present and whether or not mechanical modification with borrow material is required. In most cases we can achieve good strength on the sub-grade with a small percentage of cement and good compaction, provided that the sub-grade is not sitting on top of shifting clay soil layers, which will be difficult to deal with in any situation. Once that is done build the wearing course of 150mm.

No, pot holes are a result of either poor drainage, ingress of water into the underlying layer or the occurrence of differential settlement or a combination of all the above. The stabilized layer will not have this if it is well compacted, sealed and maintained.

Yes, repair to any damaged area is similar to any road surface with the added benefit that the water based emulsion (stabilizer) will naturally coalesce with the pavement structure around it.

Yes samples are required and tests by an accredited civil engineering materials testing facility?

The tests required are:

Indicators = Grading and Atterberg limits (TMH1 Method A1, A2, A3 and A5)

CBR  =  California Bearing Ratio (TMH1 Method A8)

UCS  = Unconfined Compression Strength (TMH1 Method A14)

ITS  =  Indirect Tensile Strength (TMH1 Method A16T)

W/D brushing  =  Wet-dry brushing test (TMH1 Method A19)

Or the ASTM equivalents.